The disputed origin story of one of the 20th century’s most important inventions.

Michal Meyer reviews the Boerhaave Museum in the Netherlands.

Innovative industrialist, camouflage artist, and art detective, Maximilian Toch was a quintessential Renaissance man. He also symbolized the changing place of chemistry and chemists in turn-of-the-20th-century America.

In the 1920s a pioneering journalist summoned the might of American women to revive a Nobelist’s career.

In the 1930s a pride- and faith-fueled dispute between two Nobel Prize–winning physicists spilled onto the front page of the New York Times.

To fight air pollution, officials first had to convince Californians that carmakers were the enemy, not cars.