We wrap up the three-part series Blood, Sweat, and Tears. This week: tears. 

What do ancient Egyptian mummies, early modern medicines, a 19th-century philosopher, and a 21st-century chemist have in common?

Absinthe, an alcoholic drink introduced to France in the 1840s, developed a decadent though violent reputation. To some the drink symbolized creativity and liberation, and to others, madness and despair. One thing was certain: more than science was behind European responses to its influence.

The pirate-turned-naturalist-turned-pirate-again inspired generations of British writers and scientists.

Biologist John Calhoun’s rodent experiments gripped a society consumed by fears of overpopulation.

When horses gallop, do all four hooves ever leave the ground at once? This episode of The Disappearing Spoon recounts the saga that led to the answer.